Mesh Networks
Basic Definition and Benefits
Mesh networks are networks that are, in a sense, "meshed" together. In a typical network, many nodes are connected to one gateway, typically a router, that connects those nodes to the Internet. These nodes are usually not connected to each other in any real way. To contrast, a mesh network maintains connections between all the nodes in said network. Because many networking implementations make extensive use of graph theory, it is prudent to sometimes inject graph theoretical terminology to describe certain network topologies. A mesh network is a connected graph, whereas the aforementioned "typical" network is more likely a star graph (bipartite).
The benefit of this node connectedness is that if one connection fails between nodes, those nodes can still connect by taking another route (there are cycles in the graph). This allows for high network dependency. This also dovetails into another important positive aspect of mesh networks: they are decentralized. If one node in the mesh fails, the network stays intact.
Other benefits include ease of and relatively low cost of implementation, particularly suiting this networking strategy to rural areas that are deemed too risky/expensive for ISPs to provide network infrastructure for.
Existing Mesh Projects
SMesh, an experimental Mesh Network developed at Johns Hopkins University
Freifunk, German for "free radio"
Resources for constructing Mesh Networks
SMesh's accepted publication on their implementation
A DIY guide to building your own Freifunk-based mesh network
Recommended Reading
A technically flavored layman's guide to mesh networking
Resources
- Freifunk
- CUWin
- wire.less.dk
- Maraka institute
- Shuttleworth foundation
- openWRT
- EWRT
- DD-WRT
- Afrimesh
Questions
- How do radios work?
- What is our frequency?
- Is there frequency pollution?
- How much ground per node?
- Thick or thin?
- What Software will we use?
- What hardware will we use?
- How many?
- Where will we put them?
- Can we use antennae/dishes/amplifiers?
Features
- Range (Tx/Rx)
- Frequency
- Data Throughput
- interface
- power consumption
- weatherization
Possible Hardware Choices
- Linksys WRT54G(l)
- Ubiquiti Nanostation
- D-link DIR-300
- Asus Wl5006